The merging of liquid cloud droplets by collision is called
Answer: coalescence
The merging of liquid cloud droplets by collision is called
Answer: coalescence
Answer: coalescence
Which cloud would most likely produce drizzle?
Which cloud would most likely produce drizzle?
Answer: stratus
Large raindrops fall ____than smaller raindrops, and have a ___ terminal velocity than small raindrops.
Large raindrops fall ____than smaller raindrops, and have a ___ terminal velocity than small raindrops.
Answer: faster; greater
Which cloud type below will only produce precipitation by the collision-coalescence process?
Which cloud type below will only produce precipitation by the collision-coalescence process?
Answer: a thick, warm cumulus cloud
Which of the following is NOT an important factor in the production of rain by the collision-coalescence process?
Which of the following is NOT an important factor in the production of rain by the collision-coalescence process?
Answer: the number of ice crystals in the cloud
Condensation onto hygroscopic nuclei is possible at relative humidities less than 100 percent due to the:
Condensation onto hygroscopic nuclei is possible at relative humidities less than 100 percent due to the:
Answer: solute effect
Which statement below best describes the curvature effect?
Which statement below best describes the curvature effect?
Answer: even if a cloud is at 100% relative humidity, small droplets can evaporate
Which below best describes the solute effect?
Which below best describes the solute effect?
Answer: substances dissolved in a droplet can enhance or retard growth of the droplet
Stratus clouds are typically puffy and form by convection.
Stratus clouds are typically puffy and form by convection.
Answer: false
Which of the following clouds are almost always composed of ice crystals?
Which of the following clouds are almost always composed of ice crystals?
Answer: cirrus clouds
Which two clouds can produce precipitation?
Which two clouds can produce precipitation?
Answer: cumulonimbus and nimbostratus
In order to be effective, fog lamps on cars should be directed:
In order to be effective, fog lamps on cars should be directed:
Answer: slightly downward
Suppose two unsaturated air masses mix horizontally. The resulting mixture cannot possibly be saturated
Suppose two unsaturated air masses mix horizontally. The resulting mixture cannot possibly be saturated
Answer: false
Upslope fog forms because air ___ as it flows up a hill or mountain range.
Upslope fog forms because air ___ as it flows up a hill or mountain range.
Answer: cools
Suppose two ocean currents with different temperatures are flowing next to one another. If the wind blows perpendicular to the currents, we would expect to find:
Suppose two ocean currents with different temperatures are flowing next to one another. If the wind blows perpendicular to the currents, we would expect to find:
Answer: advection fog
Advection fog is often observed along the Pacific coast during summer, as westerly winds carry moist air toward the shore. The fog forms because the surface water near the coast is ____then surface water farther offshore.
Advection fog is often observed along the Pacific coast during summer, as westerly winds carry moist air toward the shore. The fog forms because the surface water near the coast is ____then surface water farther offshore.
Answer: much colder
Stratus and high fog are:
Stratus and high fog are:
Answer: a uniform grayish cloud that often cover the entire sky. Resembles fog that does not reach the ground. Might be confused with nimbostratus.
When fog is "burning off," the cloud droplets are preventing solar radiation from reaching the ground.
When fog is "burning off," the cloud droplets are preventing solar radiation from reaching the ground.
Answer: false
In hilly areas, cold air typically collects:
In hilly areas, cold air typically collects:
Answer: in valleys
Radiation fog typically forms on:
Radiation fog typically forms on:
Answer: a clear winter night with a very slight breeze
On humid days, salt in saltshakers sometimes becomes moist and no longer pours out easily. The salt can be described as:
On humid days, salt in saltshakers sometimes becomes moist and no longer pours out easily. The salt can be described as:
Answer: hygroscopic
Dew, frozen dew, and frost form when the below-freezing layer of air is:
Dew, frozen dew, and frost form when the below-freezing layer of air is:
Answer: close to ground level
When temperatures are below freezing, the temperature to which air must be cooled in order for a phase change to occur is called the:
When temperatures are below freezing, the temperature to which air must be cooled in order for a phase change to occur is called the:
Answer: dew point
Lenticular clouds typically form___a mountain range.
Lenticular clouds typically form___a mountain range.
Answer: over
A rotating-beam ceilometer is useful for
A rotating-beam ceilometer is useful for
Answer: estimating the altitude of the tops of vertical development clouds
The TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) satellite provides information on tropical:
The TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) satellite provides information on tropical:
Answer: rainfall, sea surface temperatures with a microwave scanner
If a cloud appears white on a visible satellite image and gray on an infrared image, then the cloud could be:
If a cloud appears white on a visible satellite image and gray on an infrared image, then the cloud could be:
Answer: a low cloud
Satellite images taken of clouds at night use:
Satellite images taken of clouds at night use:
Answer: radiometers
Infrared satellite images are computer enhanced to:
Infrared satellite images are computer enhanced to:
Answer: increase the contrast between specific features in the picture
On an infrared satellite image, low, warm clouds appear ___ and high, cold clouds appear ___
On an infrared satellite image, low, warm clouds appear ___ and high, cold clouds appear ___
Answer: dark; light
Infrared and visible satellite images might provide
Infrared and visible satellite images might provide
Answer: a way of determining cloud thickness and altitude
Which of the following would provide the most accurate method of determining cloud base altitude?
Which of the following would provide the most accurate method of determining cloud base altitude?
Answer: ceilometer
If a pilot balloon rises at a rate of 100 m per minute, and if it disappears into a deck of stratus clouds 1,500 m (5,000 ft) thick in 5 minutes, what is the ceiling of the cloud layer?
If a pilot balloon rises at a rate of 100 m per minute, and if it disappears into a deck of stratus clouds 1,500 m (5,000 ft) thick in 5 minutes, what is the ceiling of the cloud layer?
Answer: 500m
Which of the following can be used to determine the height of cloud bases?
Which of the following can be used to determine the height of cloud bases?
Answer: ceiling balloons, rotating-beam ceilometer, fixed-beam ceilometer
When clouds are viewed near the horizon, the individual cloud elements usually:
When clouds are viewed near the horizon, the individual cloud elements usually:
Answer: appear closer together than is actually the case
Which term below describes a situation in which clouds cover between one-tenth and five-tenths of the sky?
Which term below describes a situation in which clouds cover between one-tenth and five-tenths of the sky?
Answer: scattered
"Luminous night clouds" are also called
"Luminous night clouds" are also called
Answer: noctilucent cloud
Another name for a "mother of pearl" cloud is:
Another name for a "mother of pearl" cloud is:
Answer: Nacreous clouds
An altocumulus in the form of parallel waves would be described as an altocumulus
An altocumulus in the form of parallel waves would be described as an altocumulus
Answer: undulatus
Clouds that appear as bag-like sacks hanging from beneath a cloud are:
Clouds that appear as bag-like sacks hanging from beneath a cloud are:
Answer: mammatus
Clouds that have a characteristic lens-shaped appearance are referred to as (a):
Clouds that have a characteristic lens-shaped appearance are referred to as (a):
Answer: lenticular clouds
The cloud-like streamer often seen forming behind an aircraft flying at high altitude is called (a):
The cloud-like streamer often seen forming behind an aircraft flying at high altitude is called (a):
Answer: contrail
The small, smooth cloud that may form just above the top of a towering cumulus cloud is called (a):
The small, smooth cloud that may form just above the top of a towering cumulus cloud is called (a):
Answer: pileus cloud
Which below is not a way in which a contrail may form?
Which below is not a way in which a contrail may form?
Answer: due to heating of the air by the engine exhaust
Which cloud forms in descending air?
Which cloud forms in descending air?
Answer: Mammatus clouds
As Apollo 12 ascended into the atmosphere, the height of the surrounding clouds was noted to be 42,000 feet. A lightning stroke was seen within these clouds, indicating that they must have been:
As Apollo 12 ascended into the atmosphere, the height of the surrounding clouds was noted to be 42,000 feet. A lightning stroke was seen within these clouds, indicating that they must have been:
Answer: cumulonimbus
The cloud with the greatest vertical growth is:
The cloud with the greatest vertical growth is:
Answer: cumulonimbus
Hail is usually associated with what cloud?
Hail is usually associated with what cloud?
Answer: cumulonimbus
A low, lumpy cloud layer that appears in rows, patches, or rounded masses would be classified:
A low, lumpy cloud layer that appears in rows, patches, or rounded masses would be classified:
Answer: stratocumulus
The name given to a towering cloud that has NOT fully developed into a thunderstorm is:
The name given to a towering cloud that has NOT fully developed into a thunderstorm is:
Answer: cumulus congestus
If you hold your hand at arm's length and cloud elements appear to be about the size of your fist, the cloud type is probably:
If you hold your hand at arm's length and cloud elements appear to be about the size of your fist, the cloud type is probably:
Answer: stratocumulus
An anvil-shaped top is most often associated with:
An anvil-shaped top is most often associated with:
Answer: cumulonimbus
The name given to ragged-looking clouds that rapidly drift with the wind beneath a rain-producing cloud is
The name given to ragged-looking clouds that rapidly drift with the wind beneath a rain-producing cloud is
Answer: scud
A dim, "watery" sun visible through a gray sheet-like cloud layer is often a good indication of ____ clouds
A dim, "watery" sun visible through a gray sheet-like cloud layer is often a good indication of ____ clouds
Answer: altostratus
A middle cloud that sometimes forms in parallel waves or bands is:
A middle cloud that sometimes forms in parallel waves or bands is:
Answer: altocumulus
At middle latitudes, the base of an altostratus or altocumulus cloud would generally be found between
At middle latitudes, the base of an altostratus or altocumulus cloud would generally be found between
Answer: 6500 and 23000 feet
Suppose the sky is completely covered with a thin, white layered-type cloud. You look at the ground and see that objects cast a distinct shadow. From this you conclude that the cloud type must be
Suppose the sky is completely covered with a thin, white layered-type cloud. You look at the ground and see that objects cast a distinct shadow. From this you conclude that the cloud type must be
Answer: cirrostratus
Detached clouds of delicate and fibrous appearance, without shading, usually white in color and sometimes of a silky appearance are
Detached clouds of delicate and fibrous appearance, without shading, usually white in color and sometimes of a silky appearance are
Answer: cirrus clouds
Cirrus clouds are composed primarily of
Cirrus clouds are composed primarily of
Answer: ice particles
When viewed from the surface, the smallest individual cloud elements (puffs) are observed with which cloud?
When viewed from the surface, the smallest individual cloud elements (puffs) are observed with which cloud?
Answer: cirrocumulus
A "mackerel sky" describes what type of cloud?
A "mackerel sky" describes what type of cloud?
Answer: cirrocumulus
Which clouds often appear in parallel waves or bands?
Which clouds often appear in parallel waves or bands?
Answer: altocumulus
Which of the following pairs of cloud types could be very similar in appearance?
Which of the following pairs of cloud types could be very similar in appearance?
Answer: altocumulus and cirrocumulus
Which of the following cloud types would be found at the highest elevation above the earth's surface?
Which of the following cloud types would be found at the highest elevation above the earth's surface?
Answer: cirrocumulus
In middle latitudes, which cloud will have the lowest base?
In middle latitudes, which cloud will have the lowest base?
Answer: stratocumulus
Light or moderate-but-steady precipitation is most often associated with ___clouds.
Light or moderate-but-steady precipitation is most often associated with ___clouds.
Answer: nimbostratus
Which cloud type is composed of ice crystals and can cause a halo to form around the sun or moon?
Which cloud type is composed of ice crystals and can cause a halo to form around the sun or moon?
Answer: cirrostratus
A halo around the moon means that
A halo around the moon means that
Answer: cirrostratus clouds are present and the clouds overhead are high clouds
In middle latitudes, which cloud will have the highest base?
In middle latitudes, which cloud will have the highest base?
Answer: cirrostratus
Which cloud is LEAST likely to produce precipitation that reaches the ground?
Which cloud is LEAST likely to produce precipitation that reaches the ground?
Answer: cirrocumulus
Even at high elevations where cirrus clouds are found, liquid water still exists in the clouds.
Even at high elevations where cirrus clouds are found, liquid water still exists in the clouds.
Answer: false
At which city might you be able to observe cirrus clouds at an altitude of 3,000 m (0,000 feet) above the surface?
At which city might you be able to observe cirrus clouds at an altitude of 3,000 m (0,000 feet) above the surface?
Answer: Barrow, Alaska
A reasonably successful method of dispersing cold fog is to
A reasonably successful method of dispersing cold fog is to
Answer: seed the fog with dry ice
Clouds are classified by their
Clouds are classified by their
Answer: appearance
Fog that most often forms as warm rain falls into a cold layer of surface air is called
Fog that most often forms as warm rain falls into a cold layer of surface air is called
Answer: evaporation
Frontal fog most commonly forms as ___ raindrops fall into a layer of ____ air.
Frontal fog most commonly forms as ___ raindrops fall into a layer of ____ air.
Answer: warm; colder
Which fog does not necessarily form in air that is cooling?
Which fog does not necessarily form in air that is cooling?
Answer: evaporation fog
On a cold, calm autumn morning, the formation of fog above a relatively warm lake would most likely be
On a cold, calm autumn morning, the formation of fog above a relatively warm lake would most likely be
Answer: steam fog
The use of helicopters to mix the air and disperse radiation fog at airports is effective provided that
The use of helicopters to mix the air and disperse radiation fog at airports is effective provided that
Answer: the fog is a shallow radiation fog with a relatively low liquid water content
When you see your breath on a cold morning, the air temperature
When you see your breath on a cold morning, the air temperature
Answer: can be above or below freezing
Exhaled breath from your mouth can condense when
Exhaled breath from your mouth can condense when
Answer: it is very cold
If fog is forming at Denver, Colorado, and the wind is blowing from the east, then the fog is most likely
If fog is forming at Denver, Colorado, and the wind is blowing from the east, then the fog is most likely
Answer: upslope fog
Along an irregular coastline, advection fog is more likely to form at the headlands than at the beaches because of the ____ surface winds and ____ air.
Along an irregular coastline, advection fog is more likely to form at the headlands than at the beaches because of the ____ surface winds and ____ air.
Answer: converging; rising
Fog that forms off the coast of Newfoundland is mainly a form of
Fog that forms off the coast of Newfoundland is mainly a form of
Answer: advection fog
The fog that forms along the Pacific coastline of North America is mainly which type?
The fog that forms along the Pacific coastline of North America is mainly which type?
Answer: advection fog
On a cold, winter morning, the most likely place for radiation fog to form is:
On a cold, winter morning, the most likely place for radiation fog to form is:
Answer: in a valley
Winter fog in the Central Valley region of California is mainly due to:
Winter fog in the Central Valley region of California is mainly due to:
Answer: radiational cooling
On a clear night, the minimum temperature drops to 34°F. The following night, fog forms early in the evening. It is a good bet the minimum temperature will not be as low because of the:
On a clear night, the minimum temperature drops to 34°F. The following night, fog forms early in the evening. It is a good bet the minimum temperature will not be as low because of the:
Answer: enhancement of the greenhouse effect by the fog cloud
When radiation fog "burns off", the fog tends to dissipate:
When radiation fog "burns off", the fog tends to dissipate:
Answer: from bottom up
On a cold winter morning, the air near the surface is full of smoke particles. If fog should form in this air, it will probably ____ that forms in cleaner air.
On a cold winter morning, the air near the surface is full of smoke particles. If fog should form in this air, it will probably ____ that forms in cleaner air.
Answer: be thicker than fog
Wet haze forms when the relative humidity is:
Wet haze forms when the relative humidity is:
Answer: less than 100%
Under what circumstances could the relative humidity exceed 00 percent without producing fog?
Under what circumstances could the relative humidity exceed 00 percent without producing fog?
Answer: there are no condensation nuclei present
Condensation nuclei are important in the atmosphere because:
Condensation nuclei are important in the atmosphere because:
Answer: without them, condensation would not occur easily in atmosphere
Condensation nuclei may be:
Condensation nuclei may be:
Answer: particles of dust
Frost typically forms on the inside of a windowpane (rather than the outside) because:
Frost typically forms on the inside of a windowpane (rather than the outside) because:
Answer: there is more water vapor touching the inside of the pane
On a humid day, ________causes salty potato chips left outside in an uncovered bowl to turn soggy.
On a humid day, ________causes salty potato chips left outside in an uncovered bowl to turn soggy.
Answer: the attraction of water by hygroscopic condensation nuclei
Particles that serve as surfaces on which water vapor may condense are called
Particles that serve as surfaces on which water vapor may condense are called
Answer: condensation nuclei
Suppose it is a winter night and at about 10 p.m., the air cools to the dew-point temperature and a thick radiation fog develops. If the air continues to cool during the night, in 5 hours the dew point temperature will probably
Suppose it is a winter night and at about 10 p.m., the air cools to the dew-point temperature and a thick radiation fog develops. If the air continues to cool during the night, in 5 hours the dew point temperature will probably
Answer: decrease as the air becomes drier
The cooling of the ground to produce dew is mainly the result of
The cooling of the ground to produce dew is mainly the result of
Answer: radiational cooling
The name given to a liquid drop of dew that freezes when the air temperature drops below freezing is
The name given to a liquid drop of dew that freezes when the air temperature drops below freezing is
Answer: frozen dew
Dew is most likely to form on
Dew is most likely to form on
Answer: nights that are clear and calm than on nights that are cloudy and windy
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